Energetically developing renewable energy and realizing optimal adjustment of energy structure are the focus of China's current and future energy strategy for a long time. The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†further clarified the development goals for the next five years, that is, non-fossil energy accounted for 11.4% of primary energy consumption and 17% of GDP per unit of GDP.
Wind energy and solar energy are important components of renewable energy. According to the relevant plans, the installed capacity of wind power in China will exceed 90 million kilowatts by 2015 and reach 150 million kilowatts by 2020. By 2020, the scale of solar power generation will reach 20 million kilowatts, and the task is arduous.
The endowment of energy resources determines that the development of renewable energy in our country faces special difficulties. Taking wind power as an example, China's wind energy resources are mainly concentrated in the "Three North" region and far from the load center in the central and eastern regions. Most of the wind energy-rich regions are at the end of the grid, and the grid structure is weak. Due to the random and intermittent nature of wind power output, the power system is required to have sufficient peak shaving capacity. Compared with foreign countries, the proportion of oil and gas is quite different from that of foreign countries. China's existing power supply structure is dominated by coal-fired electricity, and the proportion of northern cogeneration units is relatively large. The scale of oil and gas generating units and pumped storage power stations with flexible operation is relatively small. Especially in the “Three North†region of China, the period of abundant wind energy resources coincides with the dry period and the heating period, the capacity of the system is limited, and the difficulty of grid operation increases.
The coordinated development of renewable energy and power systems is an inherent requirement for achieving sustainable development. The author believes that to achieve the coordinated development of the two, it is necessary to grasp three key words: "friendly", "comprehensive solution strategy" and "reform of interest pattern."
"Friendly" is a two-way approach that includes both renewable-friendly power systems and friendly power systems to renewable energy. "Friendly" renewable energy refers to the use of advanced technology to improve the operation and control capabilities of the power supply and increase the output forecasting level. The “friendly†power system focuses on a more flexible and controllable combination of power generation technologies. It also has sufficient power transmission capacity and scheduling capabilities to build a stronger, smarter grid and a more flexible and reliable power system. Improve inclusiveness of intermittent renewable energy sources.
The “Comprehensive Resolution Strategy†emphasizes both technical and management strategies, emphasizing incentive policy measures and strict management requirements, and emphasizing diversified technical and management strategies. At present, we must pay particular attention to “coordination†and achieve unified planning and overall planning for the development scale and layout, development of power grids and power supply, and the convergence of project approval and construction schedules. The phased planning goals and annual development scale should be balanced. In short, to promote the sustainable development of renewable energy and the entire energy system must play a "combination boxing."
“Restructuring the interests pattern†is actually a problem of policy adjustment. It is emphasized that in the case of large-scale renewable energy access to the power system, it is necessary to fully consider the issue of changes in the conventional power supply and the cost of the power grid. For example, when the government approves the benchmark power price of a conventional power station, it must analyze and consider the problems that conventional power plants give way and provide backup for renewable energy such as wind power, otherwise it will inevitably affect the reasonable income of regular power investors, thus affecting the enthusiasm of investors. . At the same time, large-scale grid-connected renewable energy will inevitably lead to rising system operating costs, which will ultimately be borne by consumers. This is also an important part of the restructuring of interest.
The power grid is a platform for the optimal allocation of energy resources, and is also an important physical carrier for the transmission and consumption of renewable energy. Grid companies should attach great importance to the issue of wind power and other new energy in grid-connected power generation and consumption. The author believes that efforts should be made to improve grid construction and operation levels from the following three aspects.
The first is to actively promote the construction of a strong smart grid. In accordance with the idea of ​​“building large bases and integrating into large power grids†for wind power development, the State Grid Corporation of China plans to build UHV AC/DC transmission lines and improve the level of interconnection between provincial power grids and regional power grids so as to realize the elimination of wind power within the larger power grids. Na. At the same time, the development and application of smart grid technologies will be strengthened to increase the grid's capacity to accommodate the volatility of intermittent renewable energy sources, and to achieve friendly access and coordinated control of wind power and other renewable energy sources.
The second is to strengthen the planning and construction of pumped-storage power stations. According to the national wind power and other renewable energy bases, the State Grid Corporation of China has further carried out the preliminary work of pumped storage power stations. In accordance with the principles of close distance load, topographic geological conditions and technical indicators, site selection work has been fully and systematically conducted. Do a good job of project reserves in advance to ensure the implementation of the pumped-storage-building plan. By 2020, the installed capacity of pumped-storage power plants in the operating areas of the State Grid Corporation will exceed 40 million kilowatts, basically meeting system peaking requirements and the development needs of renewable energy such as wind power.
The third is to strictly implement the priority dispatch policy for renewable energy. Fully promote wind power forecasting system, scientifically and rationally arrange power grid operation modes, and make arrangements for the next day's power generation plan. At the same time, the potential of system peak shaving will be deeply explored, and efforts will be made to achieve optimization of the starting mode over a longer period of time. A scientific open-and-close plan and standby plan will be formed to improve the operation and management level of the grid and comprehensively improve the ability of the electric power system to absorb wind power.
Wind energy and solar energy are important components of renewable energy. According to the relevant plans, the installed capacity of wind power in China will exceed 90 million kilowatts by 2015 and reach 150 million kilowatts by 2020. By 2020, the scale of solar power generation will reach 20 million kilowatts, and the task is arduous.
The endowment of energy resources determines that the development of renewable energy in our country faces special difficulties. Taking wind power as an example, China's wind energy resources are mainly concentrated in the "Three North" region and far from the load center in the central and eastern regions. Most of the wind energy-rich regions are at the end of the grid, and the grid structure is weak. Due to the random and intermittent nature of wind power output, the power system is required to have sufficient peak shaving capacity. Compared with foreign countries, the proportion of oil and gas is quite different from that of foreign countries. China's existing power supply structure is dominated by coal-fired electricity, and the proportion of northern cogeneration units is relatively large. The scale of oil and gas generating units and pumped storage power stations with flexible operation is relatively small. Especially in the “Three North†region of China, the period of abundant wind energy resources coincides with the dry period and the heating period, the capacity of the system is limited, and the difficulty of grid operation increases.
The coordinated development of renewable energy and power systems is an inherent requirement for achieving sustainable development. The author believes that to achieve the coordinated development of the two, it is necessary to grasp three key words: "friendly", "comprehensive solution strategy" and "reform of interest pattern."
"Friendly" is a two-way approach that includes both renewable-friendly power systems and friendly power systems to renewable energy. "Friendly" renewable energy refers to the use of advanced technology to improve the operation and control capabilities of the power supply and increase the output forecasting level. The “friendly†power system focuses on a more flexible and controllable combination of power generation technologies. It also has sufficient power transmission capacity and scheduling capabilities to build a stronger, smarter grid and a more flexible and reliable power system. Improve inclusiveness of intermittent renewable energy sources.
The “Comprehensive Resolution Strategy†emphasizes both technical and management strategies, emphasizing incentive policy measures and strict management requirements, and emphasizing diversified technical and management strategies. At present, we must pay particular attention to “coordination†and achieve unified planning and overall planning for the development scale and layout, development of power grids and power supply, and the convergence of project approval and construction schedules. The phased planning goals and annual development scale should be balanced. In short, to promote the sustainable development of renewable energy and the entire energy system must play a "combination boxing."
“Restructuring the interests pattern†is actually a problem of policy adjustment. It is emphasized that in the case of large-scale renewable energy access to the power system, it is necessary to fully consider the issue of changes in the conventional power supply and the cost of the power grid. For example, when the government approves the benchmark power price of a conventional power station, it must analyze and consider the problems that conventional power plants give way and provide backup for renewable energy such as wind power, otherwise it will inevitably affect the reasonable income of regular power investors, thus affecting the enthusiasm of investors. . At the same time, large-scale grid-connected renewable energy will inevitably lead to rising system operating costs, which will ultimately be borne by consumers. This is also an important part of the restructuring of interest.
The power grid is a platform for the optimal allocation of energy resources, and is also an important physical carrier for the transmission and consumption of renewable energy. Grid companies should attach great importance to the issue of wind power and other new energy in grid-connected power generation and consumption. The author believes that efforts should be made to improve grid construction and operation levels from the following three aspects.
The first is to actively promote the construction of a strong smart grid. In accordance with the idea of ​​“building large bases and integrating into large power grids†for wind power development, the State Grid Corporation of China plans to build UHV AC/DC transmission lines and improve the level of interconnection between provincial power grids and regional power grids so as to realize the elimination of wind power within the larger power grids. Na. At the same time, the development and application of smart grid technologies will be strengthened to increase the grid's capacity to accommodate the volatility of intermittent renewable energy sources, and to achieve friendly access and coordinated control of wind power and other renewable energy sources.
The second is to strengthen the planning and construction of pumped-storage power stations. According to the national wind power and other renewable energy bases, the State Grid Corporation of China has further carried out the preliminary work of pumped storage power stations. In accordance with the principles of close distance load, topographic geological conditions and technical indicators, site selection work has been fully and systematically conducted. Do a good job of project reserves in advance to ensure the implementation of the pumped-storage-building plan. By 2020, the installed capacity of pumped-storage power plants in the operating areas of the State Grid Corporation will exceed 40 million kilowatts, basically meeting system peaking requirements and the development needs of renewable energy such as wind power.
The third is to strictly implement the priority dispatch policy for renewable energy. Fully promote wind power forecasting system, scientifically and rationally arrange power grid operation modes, and make arrangements for the next day's power generation plan. At the same time, the potential of system peak shaving will be deeply explored, and efforts will be made to achieve optimization of the starting mode over a longer period of time. A scientific open-and-close plan and standby plan will be formed to improve the operation and management level of the grid and comprehensively improve the ability of the electric power system to absorb wind power.
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