Today, with the increasingly harsh environment and energy shortage, energy conservation and emission reduction have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. As an important LED application base in the world, Europe and the United States are ahead of other regions in terms of technology level and popularity, and control most of the LED high-end market. In terms of LED standards, Europe and the United States have also been ahead of other countries and regions, and high-demand technical and safety standards have gradually become technical barriers to trade in developed countries. The use of highly demanding technology and safety standards as technical barriers is technically strong, concealed, low in transparency, difficult to supervise, and low in generality. It has gradually replaced traditional trade protection measures such as tariffs, permits, and quotas. In order to safeguard national basic security, protect human health and safety, protect the ecological environment, prevent fraud and ensure product quality, some developed countries rely on their scientific and technological and socio-economic development advantages to formulate technical regulations and safety standards. Commodities have imposed demanding market access requirements, which has created great obstacles to foreign trade in other countries, especially developing countries. This article will briefly introduce and analyze the requirements of safety, electromagnetic compatibility and performance of LED lighting products, and hope to provide some reference for domestic LED lighting practitioners.
I. Research on major standards bodies and certification marks in Europe and America
ANSI: American National Standards Institute (American National Standards Institute) is a voluntary organization composed of companies, governments, and other members. It rarely stipulates standards. ANSI standards are voluntarily adopted, but are cited by law and standards set by government departments. It is a mandatory standard.
UL: is the abbreviation of Underwriter Laboratories Inc., the most authoritative in the United States, and the largest private institution in the world engaged in safety testing and identification.
FCC: The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the US government and is directly accountable to Congress. The FCC coordinates domestic and international communications by controlling radio, television, telecommunications, satellite and cable.
ETL: ETL is the abbreviation of Electrical Testing Laboratories. The ETL laboratory was founded in 1896 by American inventor Edison and enjoys a high reputation in the United States and around the world. The "us" in the lower right means that it applies to the United States, the "c" in the lower left means that it applies to Canada, and the "us" and "c" in both countries.
EnergyStar: Energy Star, a US-led energy conservation program for consumer electronics, launched in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to reduce energy consumption and Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power plants.
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission (International Electrotechnical Commission) is the world's first international electrical standardization organization. It is responsible for international standardization in electrical engineering and electronic engineering. Nearly 100,000 experts from all over the world are involved in the development of IEC standards. Revision work.
ENEC: (EuropeanNormsElectricalCertification) is a universal European standard for products that are specific to European standards (such as lighting equipment, components, and office & data equipment). The ENEC logo is a common European safety certification mark. The “ENEC†logo, which was originally only allowed to be used by European manufacturers, began to be open to all manufacturers around the world.
GB: The abbreviation of Chinese Pinyin of "national standard", the number consists of the code of the national standard, the serial number issued by the national standard and the year number issued by the national standard (using the last two digits of the release year), which is prepared by the competent department of standardization administration under the State Council. Approved by the national standardization authority to issue uniform standards across the country.
CCC: China Compulsory Certification (Certificate), implemented the compulsory product certification system on December 3, 2001, and unified the original “CCIB†certification and “Great Wall CCEE Certification†into “China Compulsory Certificationâ€, which is abbreviated as “China’s Compulsory Certificationâ€. CCC", referred to as "3C" certification, its catalogue contains 132 categories of 19 categories. The products in the catalog must be certified by the certification body designated by the state. After obtaining relevant certificates and applying the certification mark, they can be ex-factory, imported, Sales and use in operating service locations.
Second, the standard study of LED products exported to the EU market
Exporting EU countries need to pass the safety certification test (LVD) and electromagnetic compatibility certification test (EMC). The main certification marks are CE and ENEC. The certification reference standards mainly include: IEC/EN: 60598-1 (General requirements for lamps) And test), IEC/EN: 60598-2-3 (Safety requirements for road and street lighting), IEC/EN62031 (General safety requirements for LED modules) IEC/EN: 61000-3-2 (single-phase input current ≤ 16A Equipment harmonic current emission limit), IEC/EN: 61000-3-3 (limit of voltage fluctuation and flicker in low-voltage power supply system), IEC/EN61547 (electromagnetic compatibility immunity requirements for general lighting equipment), IEC/ EN55015 (Limitations and Measurement Methods for Radio Disturbance Characteristics of Electrical Lighting or Type Equipment), CE certification is basically the same as that cited by ENEC certification, but there are significant differences in certification. The main performances are as follows:
1. ENEC must be tested and certified by the ENEC member certification body. CE is a self-declaration certificate. If the company believes that its products have met the CE certification standards, it does not need to be tested and issued by a third party. Post CEmark;
2. ENEC certification, the manufacturer's product management must comply with ISO9002, or its equivalent standards, CE certification does not require ISO related standards;
3. ENEC certification, according to the reconciliation inspection procedures, the initial and minimum annual output will be subject to inspection by the issuing authority, CE certification products do not require the inspection of the relevant certification body;
4. ENEC certification, it is necessary to carry out selective retesting of certified products every other year, and need to re-test costs, CE certified products can be sustainable and effective without changes in products;
5. ENEC adopts the “Standard European Committee for Standardization (EN)†standard, and CE adopts the “International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)†standard, but the two standards are identical;
6.ENEC certification, if the power supply is outsourced, the power supply must pass the ENEC certification, and then the power supply is used as a lighting fixture for certification testing. If the power supply is produced by the applicant, ENEC certification is not required, but the lighting needs to be tested randomly. The reference standard is EN61347-1 (General requirements and safety requirements for control devices for lamps), EN61347-2-13 (Special requirements for control of AC or DC electronic devices for LED modules), CE certification power supply with CE certification mark, only The test power supply is combined with the EMC test of the luminaire, and the power supply is no longer randomly tested for safety.
I. Research on major standards bodies and certification marks in Europe and America
ANSI: American National Standards Institute (American National Standards Institute) is a voluntary organization composed of companies, governments, and other members. It rarely stipulates standards. ANSI standards are voluntarily adopted, but are cited by law and standards set by government departments. It is a mandatory standard.
UL: is the abbreviation of Underwriter Laboratories Inc., the most authoritative in the United States, and the largest private institution in the world engaged in safety testing and identification.
FCC: The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the US government and is directly accountable to Congress. The FCC coordinates domestic and international communications by controlling radio, television, telecommunications, satellite and cable.
ETL: ETL is the abbreviation of Electrical Testing Laboratories. The ETL laboratory was founded in 1896 by American inventor Edison and enjoys a high reputation in the United States and around the world. The "us" in the lower right means that it applies to the United States, the "c" in the lower left means that it applies to Canada, and the "us" and "c" in both countries.
EnergyStar: Energy Star, a US-led energy conservation program for consumer electronics, launched in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to reduce energy consumption and Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power plants.
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission (International Electrotechnical Commission) is the world's first international electrical standardization organization. It is responsible for international standardization in electrical engineering and electronic engineering. Nearly 100,000 experts from all over the world are involved in the development of IEC standards. Revision work.
ENEC: (EuropeanNormsElectricalCertification) is a universal European standard for products that are specific to European standards (such as lighting equipment, components, and office & data equipment). The ENEC logo is a common European safety certification mark. The “ENEC†logo, which was originally only allowed to be used by European manufacturers, began to be open to all manufacturers around the world.
GB: The abbreviation of Chinese Pinyin of "national standard", the number consists of the code of the national standard, the serial number issued by the national standard and the year number issued by the national standard (using the last two digits of the release year), which is prepared by the competent department of standardization administration under the State Council. Approved by the national standardization authority to issue uniform standards across the country.
CCC: China Compulsory Certification (Certificate), implemented the compulsory product certification system on December 3, 2001, and unified the original “CCIB†certification and “Great Wall CCEE Certification†into “China Compulsory Certificationâ€, which is abbreviated as “China’s Compulsory Certificationâ€. CCC", referred to as "3C" certification, its catalogue contains 132 categories of 19 categories. The products in the catalog must be certified by the certification body designated by the state. After obtaining relevant certificates and applying the certification mark, they can be ex-factory, imported, Sales and use in operating service locations.
Second, the standard study of LED products exported to the EU market
Exporting EU countries need to pass the safety certification test (LVD) and electromagnetic compatibility certification test (EMC). The main certification marks are CE and ENEC. The certification reference standards mainly include: IEC/EN: 60598-1 (General requirements for lamps) And test), IEC/EN: 60598-2-3 (Safety requirements for road and street lighting), IEC/EN62031 (General safety requirements for LED modules) IEC/EN: 61000-3-2 (single-phase input current ≤ 16A Equipment harmonic current emission limit), IEC/EN: 61000-3-3 (limit of voltage fluctuation and flicker in low-voltage power supply system), IEC/EN61547 (electromagnetic compatibility immunity requirements for general lighting equipment), IEC/ EN55015 (Limitations and Measurement Methods for Radio Disturbance Characteristics of Electrical Lighting or Type Equipment), CE certification is basically the same as that cited by ENEC certification, but there are significant differences in certification. The main performances are as follows:
1. ENEC must be tested and certified by the ENEC member certification body. CE is a self-declaration certificate. If the company believes that its products have met the CE certification standards, it does not need to be tested and issued by a third party. Post CEmark;
2. ENEC certification, the manufacturer's product management must comply with ISO9002, or its equivalent standards, CE certification does not require ISO related standards;
3. ENEC certification, according to the reconciliation inspection procedures, the initial and minimum annual output will be subject to inspection by the issuing authority, CE certification products do not require the inspection of the relevant certification body;
4. ENEC certification, it is necessary to carry out selective retesting of certified products every other year, and need to re-test costs, CE certified products can be sustainable and effective without changes in products;
5. ENEC adopts the “Standard European Committee for Standardization (EN)†standard, and CE adopts the “International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)†standard, but the two standards are identical;
6.ENEC certification, if the power supply is outsourced, the power supply must pass the ENEC certification, and then the power supply is used as a lighting fixture for certification testing. If the power supply is produced by the applicant, ENEC certification is not required, but the lighting needs to be tested randomly. The reference standard is EN61347-1 (General requirements and safety requirements for control devices for lamps), EN61347-2-13 (Special requirements for control of AC or DC electronic devices for LED modules), CE certification power supply with CE certification mark, only The test power supply is combined with the EMC test of the luminaire, and the power supply is no longer randomly tested for safety.