The Internet of Things, Smart City, and Industry 4.0 are important directions for China's economic development. In the past few industrial revolutions, the Western countries led the way, but intelligently related industries, China is in a more favorable condition, and can form historical opportunities.
Basically, to develop smart cities and industries 4.0, the Internet of Things is the foundation and the key core. If the construction of the Internet of Things cannot be carried out effectively in China, the smart city and industry 4.0 must see results. I am afraid that it is the result of the pursuit of fish. However, the Internet of Things has to bear fruit in various application fields. There are still many challenges that require the combination of government, industry, and research to break through. This includes the following aspects:
One is the standard issue. With the different transmission speeds and distance requirements of various applications, the Internet of Things derives different sensing and communication technologies. Because of the different industry fields and different information formats, many technologies and platforms have been developed in information exchange. At present, the relevant standard technologies of the upstream and downstream of the Internet of Things can be described as a hundred schools of thought. Does China want to build itself or participate? If you participate, how do you choose which side to rely on? It is a topic that needs to be considered in future planning and construction.
The second is the problem of spectrum collision and radio interference. Another challenge for the Internet of Things is the growing spectrum crisis. In addition to the rapid growth of data traffic generated by mobile broadband applications for smartphones and tablets, the rapid growth of various devices in the Internet of Things also requires more spectrum to provide networking, making spectrum resources more difficult. Although the industry has proposed a mechanism and technology for spectrum sharing to provide commercial-purpose or unlicensed bands for commercial use sharing, the regulatory measures are still not complete at this stage; and more and more networked devices are through ISM (Industrial ScienTIfic Medical) Bands or bands without licenses are connected. The benefits of these bands are free. As long as the terminal equipment meets the specifications of the competent authority, it can be used on the road. However, as a result, each device has been squashed in the same frequency band, causing mutual interference, and even affecting the rights and interests of users in the frequency band, which has led to constant disputes between the two parties on the issue of preventing interference.
The third is privacy and security issues. IoT-connected devices often monitor and track consumer behavior to adjust and improve the consumer experience, such as Google’s use of web page information that users have searched for. However, the user may not be informed at all about how the data will be collected and how it will be used. Furthermore, who can own the data collected on the device, and whether the data exchanged between different organizations or business groups is legal, etc. There are no clear laws and regulations.
The IoT device links to the network to assist the industry or consumer in obtaining the appearance of the event or activity, but because the network composed of the communication connection device must be interoperable, it will generate more entry points, resulting in intrusion into the device or network. It's getting easier and easier, and hacking will be more frequent and simpler. This will make management and control even more difficult, exposing user information to an environment where it can be stolen and stolen at any time.
Finally, there is the issue of sustainable operation mode. At present, most of the smart city's application services, from construction to operation and maintenance, are almost always paid by the government. With the increasing investment in services, the operation and maintenance budget is getting higher and higher, and even crowding out other public construction budgets. Therefore, how to form a self-sufficient and sustainable business model is a topic that the government should consider when planning and building related application services.
In addition, the relevant units should also provide more field trials with innovative value, so that manufacturers have the opportunity to incubate the global market-oriented overall solution through field trials, while coordinating the energy and resources of the inter-ministerial meetings to assist in the processing. Regulations, systems, etc. hinder difficulties.
In general, the Internet of Things is definitely an important issue for future industrial transformation and social development. However, in the face of problems and challenges including standards, regulations, technologies and operational models, it is necessary to rely on the cooperation between the government and the private sector to build the foundation for innovation. The environment, through the regulation of telecommunications, the revision of personal information law, the relaxation of procurement laws in the field of innovation, etc., enables the private sector to apply IoT technology to create more valuable services, in order to effectively promote the competitiveness of the industry.
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