Abstract: This applicaTIon note provides an example schemaTIc and software for the DS1672. The example software converts the 32-bit elapsed TIme value in the real-TIme clock (RTC) to year, month, date and time format. The example uses a super capacitor (super cap) to maintain the time and date when main power is absent.
Pin Assignment (Top View)
DescriptionThe DS1672 is a low-voltage serial timekeeping IC. The DS1672 counts seconds in a 32-bit register. Using a 32-bit binary register instead of a BCD representation of the time and date, as many real-time clocks do, can be useful where time intervals are to be measured. The DS1672 operates from a low-voltage supply (2.0V, 3.0V, or 3.3V) and includes a VBACKUP input, which allows the DS1672 to continue running the counter from a backup supply, such as a battery, while the main supply is off.
The DS1672 also incorporates a trickle charger. The trickle charger register uses four bits to enable the charger. Two bits are used to select one of three current- limiting resistors and two bits to select one or zero series diodes. The trickle charger circuit is capable of charging a rechargeable battery or a large capacitor. The VBACKUP pin can also be connected to a nonrechargeable battery, such as a lithium coincell. In that case, the trickle charger should not be enabled.
In this example, the DS1672 is configured to charge a capacitor connected to VBACKUP.
A schematic of the circuit is shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the discharge voltage versus time in a typical application. Software for initializing the DS1672 and reading the registers is shown in Figure 3.
More Detailed Image
Figure 1
Figure 2. DS1672-3 VBACKUP Timekeeping Operation with 0.1F Backup Capacitor.
Figure 3. DS1672 Initialization Software / ******************************************* ******************************** / / * DS1672AN.C-This file is provided to show an example of communication * / / * routines for interfacing to the DS1672. These routines are provided * / / * for example only and are not supported by Dallas Semiconductor / Maxim * / / ***************** ************************************************** ******** / #include / * Prototypes for I / O functions * / #include / * Register declarations for DS5000 * / #define ACK 0 #define NACK 1 #define ADDRTC 0xd0 / * 2-wire addresses * / sbit scl = P1 ^ 0; / * 2-wire pin definitions * / sbit sda = P1 ^ 1 sbit RSTb = P0 ^ 2; void start2w (); void stop2w (); void writebyte2w (uchar d); uchar readbyte2w (int); void writebyte1672 (); void initialize_DS1672 (); void disp_clk_regs (); void en_tc () ; unsigned long date2day (uint, uint, uint, uint, uint, uint); void day2date (unsigned long); / * global variables * / void start2w () / * --------- Initiate start condition- --------- * / {sda = 1; scl = 1; sda = 0;} void stop2w () / * ---------- Initiate stop condition ------ ----- * / {sda = 0; sda = 0; scl = 1; scl = 1; sda = 1;} void writebyte2w (uchar d) / * ------------- ---------------- * / {int i; scl = 0; for (i = 0; i <8; i ++) {if (d & 0x80) sda = 1; / * Send the msbits first * / else sda ​​= 0; scl = 0; scl = 1; d = d << 1; / * do shift here to increase scl high time * / scl = 0;} sda = 1; / * Release the sda ​​line * / scl = 0; scl = 1; if (s da) printf ("Ack bit missing% 02X", (unsigned int) d); scl = 0;} uchar readbyte2w (int b) / * ------------------ ----------------- * / {int i; uchar d; d = 0; sda = 1; / * Let go of sda line * / scl = 0; for (i = 0; i <8; i ++) / * read the msb first * / {scl = 1; d = d << 1; d = d | (unsigned char) sda; scl = 0;} sda = b; / * low for ack, high for nack * / scl = 1; scl = 0; sda = 1; / * Release the sda ​​line * / return d;} void day2date (unsigned long x) / * ------ convert binary time to date format --- --- * / {int yrs = 99, mon = 99, day = 99, tmp, jday, hrs, min, sec; unsigned long j, n; j = x / 60; / * whole minutes since 1/1/70 * / sec = x-(60 * j); / * leftover seconds * / n = j / 60; min = j-(60 * n); j = n / 24; hrs = n-(24 * j); j = j + (365 + 366); / * whole days since 1/1/68 * / day = j / ((4 * 365) + 1); tmp = j% (( 4 * 365) + 1); if (tmp> = (31 + 29)) / * if past 2/29 * / day ++; / * add a leap day * / yrs = (j-day) / 365; / * whole years since 1968 * / jday = j-(yrs * 365)-day; / * days since 1/1 of current year * / if (tmp <= 365 && tmp> = 60) / * if past 2/29 and a leap year then * / jday ++; / * add a leap day * / yrs + = 1968; / * calculate year * / for (mon = 12; mon> 0; mon--) {switch (mon) {case 1: tmp = 0; break; case 2: tmp = 31; break; case 3: tmp = 59 ; break; case 4: tmp = 90; break; case 5: tmp = 120; break; case 6: tmp = 151; break; case 7: tmp = 181; break; case 8: tmp = 212; break; case 9 : tmp = 243; break; case 10: tmp = 273; break; case 11: tmp = 304; break; case 12: tmp = 334; break;} if ((mon> 2) &&! (yrs% 4)) / * adjust for leap year * / tmp ++; if (jday> = tmp) break;} day = jday-tmp + 1; / * calculate day in month * / printf ("% 04d% 02d% 02d% 02d:% 02d :% 02d ", yrs, mon, day, hrs, min, sec);} / * ---- convert date to elapsed days in binary ---- * / unsigned long date2day (uint yr, uint mo, uint da , uint hrs, uint min, uint sec) {unsigned long x; / * the following is broken down for clarity * / x = 365 * (yr-1970); / * calculate number of days for previous years * / x + = (yr-1969) >> 2; / * add a day for each leap year * / if ((mo> 2) && (yr% 4 == 0)) / * add a day if current year is leap and past Feb 29th * / x ++; switch (mo) {case 1: x + = 0; break; case 2: x + = 31; break; case 3: x + = 59; break; case 4: x + = 90; break; case 5: x + = 120; break; case 6: x + = 151; break; case 7: x + = 181; break; case 8: x + = 212; break; case 9: x + = 243; break; case 10: x + = 273; break; case 11: x + = 304; break; case 12: x + = 334; break;} x + = da-1; / * finally, add the days into the current month * / x = x * 86400; / * and calculate the number of seconds in all those days * / x + = (hrs * 1800); / * add the number of seconds in the hours * / x + = (hrs * 1800); / * add the number of seconds in the hours * / x + = (min * 60); / * ditto the minutes * / x + = sec; / * finally, the seconds * / return (x );} void writebyte1672 () / * ----------------------------------------- ------ * / {uchar Add; uchar Data; / * Get Address & Data * / printf ("Enter the Read AddressADDRESS:"); scanf ("% bx ", & Add); printf (" DATA: "); scanf ("% bx ", & Data); start2w (); writebyte2w (ADDRTC); writebyte2w (Add); writebyte2w (Data); stop2w ();} void initialize_DS1672 () / * ----------------------------------------- * / / * Note : NO error checking is done on the user entries! * / {Uchar a, b, c, d; uint yr, mn, dt, dy, hr, min, sec, day; unsigned long y; start2w (); writebyte2w ( ADDRTC); writebyte2w (0x04); writebyte2w (0x00); / * enable the oscillator * / stop2w (); printf ("Enter the year (1970-2099):"); scanf ("% d", & yr); printf ("Enter the month (1-12):"); scanf ("% d", & mn); printf ("Enter the date (1-31):"); scanf ("% d", & dt); / * printf ("Enter the day (1-7):"); * / / * scanf ("% d", & dy); * / printf ("Enter the hour (1-24):"); scanf (" % d ", & hr); printf (" Enter the minute (0-59): "); scanf ("% d ", & min); printf (" Enter the second (0-59): "); scanf (" % d ", & sec); y = date2day (yr, mn, dt, hr, min, sec); a = (y & 0xff); b = ((y >> 8) & 0xff); c = ((y >> 16) & 0xff); d = ((y >> 24) & 0xff); start2w (); writebyte2w (ADDRTC); / * write slave address, write 1672 * / writebyte2w (0x00); / * write register address, 1st clock register * / writebyte2w (a); writebyte2w (b); writebyte2w (c); writebyte2w (d); stop2w (); } void disp_clk_regs () / * ----------------------------------------- * / {uchar reg1, prv_sec = 99, reg2, reg3, reg4; unsigned long z; while (! RI) / * Read & Display Clock Registers * / start2w (); writebyte2w (ADDRTC); / * write slave address, write 1672 * / writebyte2w (0x00); / * write register address, 1st clock register * / start2w (); writebyte2w (ADDRTC | 1); / * write slave address, read 1672 * / reg1 = readbyte2w (ACK); / * starts w / last address stored in register pointer * / reg2 = readbyte2w (ACK); reg3 = readbyte2w (ACK); reg4 = readbyte2w (NACK); stop2w (); if (reg1! = prv_sec) / * display every time seconds change * / { z = reg4; z << = 8; z + = reg3; z << = 8; z + = reg2; z << = 8; z + = reg1; day2date (z);} prv_sec = reg1;} RI = 0; / * Swallow keypress to exit loop * /} void en_tc (dat) / * ----- enable the trickle-charger- ---- * / {start2w (); writebyte2w (ADDRTC); writebyte2w (5); writebyte2w (dat); / * enable the trickle-charger * / stop2w ();} main (void) / * ---- ------------------------------------------------- * / {uchar i, M, M1; RSTb = 1; while (1) {printf ("DS1672"); printf ("I Init DS1672 D / E Disable / Enable TC"); printf ("R Read Time W Write Byte "); printf (" Enter Menu Selection: "); M = _getkey (); switch (M) {case 'R': case 'r': disp_clk_regs (); break; case 'W': case 'w': writebyte1672 (); break; case 'D': case 'd': en_tc (0); break; case 'E': case 'e': en_tc (0xa6); break; case 'I': case 'i': initialize_DS1672 (); break;}}}
Pin Assignment (Top View)
DescriptionThe DS1672 is a low-voltage serial timekeeping IC. The DS1672 counts seconds in a 32-bit register. Using a 32-bit binary register instead of a BCD representation of the time and date, as many real-time clocks do, can be useful where time intervals are to be measured. The DS1672 operates from a low-voltage supply (2.0V, 3.0V, or 3.3V) and includes a VBACKUP input, which allows the DS1672 to continue running the counter from a backup supply, such as a battery, while the main supply is off.
The DS1672 also incorporates a trickle charger. The trickle charger register uses four bits to enable the charger. Two bits are used to select one of three current- limiting resistors and two bits to select one or zero series diodes. The trickle charger circuit is capable of charging a rechargeable battery or a large capacitor. The VBACKUP pin can also be connected to a nonrechargeable battery, such as a lithium coincell. In that case, the trickle charger should not be enabled.
In this example, the DS1672 is configured to charge a capacitor connected to VBACKUP.
A schematic of the circuit is shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the discharge voltage versus time in a typical application. Software for initializing the DS1672 and reading the registers is shown in Figure 3.
More Detailed Image
Figure 1
Figure 2. DS1672-3 VBACKUP Timekeeping Operation with 0.1F Backup Capacitor.
Figure 3. DS1672 Initialization Software / ******************************************* ******************************** / / * DS1672AN.C-This file is provided to show an example of communication * / / * routines for interfacing to the DS1672. These routines are provided * / / * for example only and are not supported by Dallas Semiconductor / Maxim * / / ***************** ************************************************** ******** / #include
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