After completing the surveillance camera installation project, there are several key steps to ensure the system operates efficiently and meets the client’s requirements. Here is a detailed summary of the process.
The first step involves creating detailed design drawings based on the site conditions and the client's specific needs. Once the design is approved by the client, we proceed with pre-construction preparations, including gathering all necessary equipment, materials, tools, and personnel. This ensures that everything is in place for a smooth installation.
Next, we determine the transmission method. For short distances (within 3 km), coaxial cables can be used. However, due to their limited length, cable compensators can be added to extend the distance by about 2–3 km. These should not be cascaded more than two or three times, as this may affect video quality. Alternatively, a video amplifier can be placed near the monitor to enhance signal strength, but it also cannot be cascaded indefinitely.
For longer distances (over 3 km), fiber optic cables are recommended for reliable and high-quality transmission. If laying fiber is not feasible, wireless transmission options such as high-frequency open-circuit or microwave transmission can be used. For distances up to 10 km, high-frequency open-circuit is suitable. If there are obstructions, a microwave repeater can be added. In large-scale systems, fiber optics are preferred to avoid issues like delayed video signals.
Choosing the right wire is crucial. High-quality cables should always be used to prevent unexpected problems that could delay the project and cause financial loss. Outdoor wiring typically uses SYV-75-9, while indoor wiring under 500 meters can use SYV-75-5. For long-distance data transmission, single-mode fiber is ideal, while multi-mode fiber is suitable for shorter distances. Twisted pair cables are also an option when cost is a concern, offering a more economical solution without sacrificing performance.
Wiring must follow technical standards such as JBJ16-83 and GBJ42-81. Cables, control lines, and power lines should be separated, with at least 0.3 meters between them. Non-metallic conduits should be made from non-flammable materials, and in areas with strong interference, cables should be run through metal pipes and buried underground.
The wiring should be neat, avoiding sharp bends, knots, or damage. A clear labeling system should be implemented, with labels lasting at least 10 years. The layout should be safe, concealed, and visually appealing, ensuring stable and reliable signal transmission. The circuit design should also allow for easy inspection and maintenance.
Finally, the power supply setup is essential. Surveillance cameras typically use DC12V, AC12V, or AC220V. If voltage fluctuations exceed ±10%, a regulated power supply is necessary, with the power capacity being 1.5 times the total system power. Power supply methods can be either centralized or distributed. Centralized power supply is generally better for reducing interference and ensuring even voltage distribution. However, for cameras located far from the control room, local power sources may be used.
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