The impact of floor slabs is a weak link in the sound insulation of building components, especially the footsteps of slabs walking on the floor during the night and night are often annoying interference. In order to reduce the impact noise and improve the sound insulation performance of the floor, there are usually three ways.
(1) Laying of elastic surface materials Today, most of the building slabs are reinforced concrete cast-in-place solid slabs or reinforced concrete prefabricated hollow slabs. The sound insulation performance of the slab impact sound of this structure is very poor. Laying a layer of elastic surface material on the floor, such as carpet and rubber floor, can effectively reduce the impact energy, reduce the vibration of the floor and the impact noise generated by it, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the floor impact sound. Especially for medium and high frequency, it is more effective to reduce the impact noise. This measure is simple in construction, but the ground is soft.
(2) The structure of the floating floor slab is to lay a sound-insulating cushion on the reinforced concrete floor, and then make a hard floor. The elastic sandwich between the base layer of the floor and the ground surface layer has a vibration damping effect on the impact vibration generated by the ground surface layer, and reduces the noise radiated by the base floor to the downstairs, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the sound insulation performance of the floor impact sound.
It should be noted that a gap of a certain width should be left between the perimeter of the floor slab and the wall, and filled with elastic material to prevent the wall from becoming the acoustic bridge of the ground surface layer and the base floor slab, and reduce the sound insulation performance of the floating floor slab.
(3) Making a ceiling under the soundproof ceiling slab not only can sound the sound of the air sound but also the impact noise. The sound insulation effect is related to the areal density of the ceiling, the spacing between the ceiling and the floor, and the rigidity of the ceiling hanger.
1 According to the mass law of sound insulation, the greater the surface density of the ceiling, the higher the sound insulation; on the contrary, the smaller the surface density, the lower the sound insulation.
2 The spacing between the ceiling and the floor should not be too small, generally 10 to 20 cm. If a porous sound absorbing material such as glass wool or fiber absorbing cotton is filled, the sound insulation amount can be further improved.
3 The boom between the ceiling and the floor should avoid rigid connections. Generally, a spring shock absorber is added to increase the sound insulation effect.
It is worth pointing out that the ceiling can only reduce the sound energy radiated directly from the floor, but can not reduce the sound energy transmitted laterally through the wall. Therefore, it is difficult to exert the sound insulation effect on the ceiling of the building with large lateral sound transmission.
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